├── requirements.txt
├── zadani
├── img
│ ├── nastenka.png
│ └── rosnicka.png
├── nastenka.md
└── rosnicka.md
├── reseni
├── nastenka
│ ├── server.py
│ ├── sablony
│ │ ├── potvrzeni.html
│ │ └── formular.html
│ ├── komunikace.py
│ └── nastenka.py
└── rosnicka
│ ├── meteo.py
│ ├── rosnicka.py
│ └── grafy.py
├── Makefile
├── texty
├── logging.md
├── json.md
├── pathlib.md
├── beautifulsoup4.md
├── pyzmq.md
├── datetime.md
├── requests.md
├── matplotlib.md
├── click.md
└── flask.md
├── datasets
├── zpracuj.py
├── template.html
├── vitr.csv
└── srazky.csv
├── README.md
├── .gitignore
└── LICENSE
/requirements.txt:
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1 | requests
2 | beautifulsoup4
3 | matplotlib
4 | pyzmq
5 | click
6 | flask
7 |
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/zadani/img/nastenka.png:
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https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tomasbedrich/skoleni-python-knihovny/master/zadani/img/nastenka.png
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/zadani/img/rosnicka.png:
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https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tomasbedrich/skoleni-python-knihovny/master/zadani/img/rosnicka.png
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/reseni/nastenka/server.py:
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1 | #!/usr/bin/env python3
2 |
3 | import zmq
4 |
5 | with zmq.Context() as context:
6 | with context.socket(zmq.PULL) as socket:
7 |
8 | socket.bind('tcp://*:6633')
9 | print('posloucham...')
10 |
11 | while True:
12 | prispevek = socket.recv_string()
13 | print(prispevek)
14 |
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/reseni/nastenka/sablony/potvrzeni.html:
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1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 | Nástěnka
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 | Nástěnka
10 |
11 |
12 | Příspěvek byl odeslán.
13 | Zpět na formulář
14 |
15 |
16 |
17 |
18 |
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/reseni/nastenka/komunikace.py:
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1 | #!/usr/bin/env python3
2 |
3 | import zmq
4 |
5 | SERVER = 'tcp://127.0.0.1:6633'
6 |
7 |
8 | def odesli_na_server(prispevek):
9 | with zmq.Context() as context:
10 | with context.socket(zmq.PUSH) as socket:
11 | socket.connect(SERVER)
12 | socket.send_string(prispevek)
13 |
14 |
15 | if __name__ == '__main__':
16 | odesli_na_server('/ test komunikace /')
17 |
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/reseni/nastenka/sablony/formular.html:
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1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 | Nástěnka
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 | Nástěnka
10 |
11 |
15 |
16 |
17 |
18 |
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/Makefile:
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1 | all: dependencies enviroment
2 |
3 |
4 | dependencies:
5 | apt-get update
6 | apt-get install -y python3 python3-pip python3-venv
7 |
8 |
9 | enviroment:
10 | ( \
11 | python3 -m venv venv ; \
12 | . venv/bin/activate ; \
13 | pip install --upgrade pip ; \
14 | pip install --upgrade -r requirements.txt ; \
15 | )
16 |
17 |
18 | clean:
19 | rm -rf ./venv
20 |
21 |
22 | fresh: clean
23 | git reset --hard
24 | git clean -fd
25 |
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/texty/logging.md:
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1 | # Logging
2 |
3 | ```python
4 | import logging
5 | ```
6 |
7 | Základní konfigurace + vytvoření loggeru:
8 |
9 | ```python
10 | logging.basicConfig()
11 | logger = logging.getLogger('nazev_balicku')
12 | ```
13 |
14 | ## Logování
15 |
16 | ```python
17 | logger.debug('Dělám operaci X.')
18 | logger.info('Operace X provedena.')
19 | logger.warning('Operace X nemohla být provedena kvůli špatnému vstupu.')
20 | logger.error('Provádění operace X selhalo.')
21 | logger.critical('OMG WTF!')
22 |
23 | try:
24 | raise ValueError('špatná hodnota')
25 | except ValueError:
26 | log.exception('Nepovedlo se...')
27 | ```
28 |
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/texty/json.md:
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1 | # JSON
2 |
3 | ```python
4 | import json
5 | ```
6 |
7 | ## Čtení
8 |
9 | ```python
10 | with open('zdroj.json', mode='r', encoding='utf-8') as zdroj:
11 | data = json.load(zdroj)
12 | # nebo
13 | data = json.loads(zdroj.read())
14 | ```
15 |
16 | ## Zápis
17 |
18 | ```python
19 | with open('cil.json', mode='w', encoding='utf-8') as cil:
20 | json.dump(data, cil)
21 | # nebo
22 | json.dump(data, cil, indent=2)
23 | # nebo
24 | cil.write(json.dumps(data))
25 | ```
26 |
27 | ## Chyby
28 |
29 | ```python
30 | try:
31 | json.loads('{')
32 | except json.JSONDecodeError:
33 | print('Nevalidní JSON.')
34 | ```
35 |
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/reseni/nastenka/nastenka.py:
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1 | #!/usr/bin/env python3
2 |
3 | from flask import Flask, request, render_template
4 | import komunikace
5 |
6 | app = Flask('nastenka', template_folder='sablony')
7 |
8 |
9 | @app.route('/')
10 | def zobrazit_formular():
11 | return render_template('formular.html')
12 |
13 |
14 | @app.route('/zpracuj', methods=['POST'])
15 | def zpracuj_formular():
16 | # načteme příspěvek z odeslaného formuláře
17 | prispevek = request.form['prispevek']
18 |
19 | komunikace.odesli_na_server(prispevek)
20 |
21 | # vrátíme potvrzení
22 | return render_template('potvrzeni.html')
23 |
24 |
25 | if __name__ == '__main__':
26 | app.run(debug=True)
27 |
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/texty/pathlib.md:
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1 | # Pathlib
2 |
3 | ```python
4 | from pathlib import Path
5 | ```
6 |
7 | ## Základy
8 |
9 | ### Reprezentace složky / souboru
10 |
11 | ```python
12 | obrazky = Path('Dokumenty/Obrazky')
13 | ```
14 |
15 | ### Spojování
16 |
17 | ```python
18 | dovolena_2016 = obrazky / 'Dovolena' / '2016'
19 | velryba = dovolena_2016 / Path('DSC0123192.jpg')
20 | ```
21 |
22 | ### Rozebrání "na součástky"
23 |
24 | ```python
25 | velryba.parts
26 | velryba.name
27 | velryba.stem
28 | velryba.suffix
29 | ```
30 |
31 | ## Pokročilejší
32 |
33 | ### Globbing
34 |
35 | ```python
36 | for fotka in dovolena_2016.glob('*.jpg'):
37 | print(fotka)
38 | ```
39 |
40 | ### "Absolutizace" cesty
41 |
42 | ```python
43 | velryba.resolve()
44 | ```
45 |
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/texty/beautifulsoup4.md:
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1 | # BeautifulSoup4
2 |
3 | ```python
4 | from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
5 |
6 | soup = BeautifulSoup(' ... ', 'html.parser')
7 | ```
8 |
9 | ## Hledání elementů
10 |
11 | ```python
12 | element = soup.select_one('CSS-selektor')
13 | elementy = soup.select('CSS-selektor')
14 | ```
15 |
16 | ### Některé nejpoužívanější CSS selektory
17 |
18 | - `#id`
19 | - `.trida`
20 | - `element`
21 | - `element potomek`
22 | - + jejich kombinace
23 |
24 | ```python
25 | menu = soup.select_one('#hlavicka .menu')
26 | ```
27 |
28 | ## Text prvku
29 |
30 | ```python
31 | nadpis_stranky = soup.select_one('#hlavicka h1').text
32 | ```
33 |
34 | ## Atributy
35 |
36 | ```python
37 | cil_formulare = soup.select_one('form.kontakt')['action']
38 | ```
39 |
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/texty/pyzmq.md:
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1 | # PyZMQ
2 |
3 | ```python
4 | import zmq
5 | ```
6 |
7 | Typy socketů:
8 |
9 | - PAIR (1 - 1)
10 | - REQ/REP (1 - 1..N)
11 | - PUB/SUB (M - N)
12 | - PUSH/PULL (producent/konzument) (M - N)
13 |
14 | ## Odesílání
15 |
16 | ```python
17 | with zmq.Context() as context:
18 | with context.socket(zmq.PUB) as socket:
19 |
20 | socket.bind('tcp://*:1234')
21 | socket.send(b'ahoj')
22 | ```
23 |
24 | ### Co lze posílat
25 |
26 | ```python
27 | socket.send_string('ahoj česky!')
28 | socket.send_json({'moje': 'data', 'cislo': 1})
29 | ```
30 |
31 | ## Přijímání
32 |
33 | ```python
34 | with zmq.Context() as context:
35 | with context.socket(zmq.SUB) as socket:
36 |
37 | socket.connect('tcp://localhost:1234')
38 | socket.recv()
39 | socket.recv_string()
40 | socket.recv_json()
41 | ```
42 |
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/texty/datetime.md:
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1 | # Datetime
2 |
3 | ```python
4 | import datetime
5 | ```
6 |
7 | - `datetime.date` = pouze datum
8 | - `datetime.time` = pouze čas
9 | - `datetime.datetime` = datum a čas
10 | - `datetime.timedelta` = časový interval
11 |
12 | ## Vytvoření
13 |
14 | ```python
15 | silvestr = datetime.date(2017, 12, 31)
16 | poledne = datetime.time(12)
17 | ted = datetime.datetime.now()
18 | dve_hodiny = datetime.timedelta(hours=2)
19 | ```
20 |
21 | ## Operátory
22 |
23 | ```python
24 | silvestr > datetime.date.today()
25 | ```
26 |
27 | ```python
28 | datetime.datetime.now() - dve_hodiny - dve_hodiny
29 | ```
30 |
31 | ## Spojení / rozdělení
32 |
33 | ```python
34 | datetime.datetime.combine(silvestr, poledne)
35 | ```
36 |
37 | ```python
38 | ted.date()
39 | ted.time()
40 | ```
41 |
42 | ## Výpis
43 |
44 | ```python
45 | 'právě je: {:%d.%m.%Y, %H:%M:%S}'.format(ted)
46 | ```
47 |
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/texty/requests.md:
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1 | # Requests
2 |
3 | ## Základy
4 |
5 | ### GET
6 |
7 | ```python
8 | response = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get')
9 | response.encoding = 'utf-8'
10 | response.text
11 | response.status_code
12 | response.json()
13 | ```
14 |
15 | ### POST
16 |
17 | ```python
18 | requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post')
19 | ```
20 |
21 | ### URL parametry
22 |
23 | ```python
24 | requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get', params={'klic': 'hodnota'})
25 | ```
26 |
27 | ### POST data
28 |
29 | ```python
30 | requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', data={'klic': 'hodnota'})
31 | ```
32 |
33 | ## Pokročilejší
34 |
35 | ### Session
36 |
37 | ```python
38 | session = requests.Session()
39 | session.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies/set?name=value')
40 | ```
41 |
42 | ### Chyby
43 |
44 | ```python
45 | try:
46 | response = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/status/401')
47 | response.raise_for_status()
48 | except requests.exceptions.RequestException:
49 | ...
50 | ```
51 |
52 | ### Timeout
53 |
54 | ```python
55 | requests.get('http://httpbin.org/headers', timeout=3)
56 | ```
57 |
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/datasets/zpracuj.py:
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1 | #!/usr/bin/env python3
2 |
3 | import csv
4 | import fileinput
5 | import sys
6 | from collections import defaultdict
7 | from jinja2 import Template
8 |
9 |
10 | if sys.argv[1] in ('-h', '--help'):
11 | print('Usage: {} dataset.csv dataset2.csv ...'.format(sys.argv[0]))
12 | sys.exit(0)
13 |
14 |
15 | datasets = defaultdict(lambda: {
16 | 'title': None,
17 | 'data': [],
18 | })
19 |
20 | with fileinput.input() as f, open('template.html', mode='r', encoding='utf-8') as template:
21 | reader = csv.reader(f, delimiter='\t')
22 |
23 | for row in reader:
24 |
25 | dataset = datasets[fileinput.filename()]
26 |
27 | if row[0] == 'title':
28 | dataset['title'] = row[1]
29 | continue
30 |
31 | rok, mesic, *dny = row
32 | rok, mesic = int(rok), int(mesic)
33 | dny = list(map(lambda i: float(i.replace(',', '.')), dny))
34 |
35 | dataset['data'].append({
36 | 'rok': rok,
37 | 'mesic': mesic,
38 | 'dny': dny,
39 | })
40 |
41 | print(Template(template.read()).render(datasets=datasets))
42 |
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/reseni/rosnicka/meteo.py:
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1 | #!/usr/bin/env python3
2 |
3 | import requests
4 | import bs4
5 | import datetime
6 |
7 | ADRESA = 'https://tbedrich.cz/meteo.html'
8 |
9 |
10 | def stahni():
11 | page = requests.get(ADRESA)
12 | page.encoding = 'utf-8'
13 | return page.text
14 |
15 |
16 | def zpracuj(surovy_text, nazev_datasetu):
17 | soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(surovy_text, 'html.parser')
18 |
19 | dataset = soup.select_one('#' + nazev_datasetu)
20 |
21 | nadpis = dataset.select_one('h1').text
22 | jednotky = nadpis.split()[-1]
23 | hodnoty = []
24 |
25 | for radek in dataset.select('tbody tr'):
26 |
27 | hlavicka_radku = radek.select('th')
28 | rok = int(hlavicka_radku[0].text)
29 | mesic = int(hlavicka_radku[1].text)
30 |
31 | for i, sloupec in enumerate(radek.select('td')):
32 | den = i + 1
33 | datum = datetime.date(rok, mesic, den)
34 | velicina = float(sloupec.text)
35 | vzorek = (datum, velicina)
36 | hodnoty.append(vzorek)
37 |
38 | return {
39 | 'nadpis': nadpis,
40 | 'jednotky': jednotky,
41 | 'hodnoty': hodnoty,
42 | }
43 |
44 |
45 | if __name__ == '__main__':
46 | print(zpracuj(stahni(), 'prumer-teplota'))
47 |
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/texty/matplotlib.md:
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1 | # Matplotlib
2 |
3 | ```python
4 | from matplotlib import pyplot
5 | ```
6 |
7 | ## Základní graf
8 |
9 | ```python
10 | x_data = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
11 | y_data = [1**2, 2**2, 3**2, 4**2, 5**2]
12 | pyplot.plot(x_data, y_data)
13 | pyplot.show()
14 | ```
15 |
16 | ## Popisky
17 |
18 | ```python
19 | pyplot.title('Nadpis')
20 | pyplot.xlabel('Čísla')
21 | pyplot.ylabel('Druhé mocniny')
22 | ```
23 |
24 | ## Limity os
25 |
26 | ```python
27 | pyplot.xlim(0, 50)
28 | pyplot.ylim(0, 50)
29 | ```
30 |
31 | ## Barvičky a tvary
32 |
33 | ```python
34 | pyplot.plot(x_data, y_data, 'ro')
35 | ```
36 |
37 | ## Více datových sad
38 |
39 | ```python
40 | pyplot.plot(x_data, y_data, 'b-', x_data, y_data, 'r.')
41 | ```
42 |
43 | ## Mřížka a čáry
44 |
45 | ```python
46 | pyplot.grid()
47 | pyplot.axhline(5)
48 | ```
49 |
50 | ## Jiné grafy
51 |
52 | ```python
53 | pyplot.bar(x_data, y_data)
54 | ```
55 |
56 | ```python
57 | casy = [
58 | datetime.time(18, 42),
59 | datetime.time(18, 43),
60 | datetime.time(18, 44),
61 | datetime.time(18, 45),
62 | datetime.time(18, 46),
63 | ]
64 | pyplot.plot_date(casy, y_data)
65 | ```
66 |
67 | ```python
68 | velikosti = [10, 20, 30, 100, 20]
69 | barvy = 'rgbrg'
70 | pyplot.scatter(x_data, y_data, velikosti, barvy)
71 | ```
72 |
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/reseni/rosnicka/rosnicka.py:
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1 | #!/usr/bin/env python3
2 |
3 | import click
4 |
5 | import meteo
6 | import grafy
7 |
8 |
9 | def _filtruj_roky(hodnoty, od, do):
10 | for datum, vzorek in hodnoty:
11 | if od <= datum.year <= do:
12 | yield datum, vzorek
13 |
14 |
15 | @click.group()
16 | def main():
17 | '''
18 | Stáhne a zobrazí historická data o počasí.
19 | '''
20 | return
21 |
22 |
23 | @main.command()
24 | @click.option('--od', type=int, default=2000, help='Počáteční rok')
25 | @click.option('--do', type=int, default=2017, help='Konečný rok')
26 | def teploty(od, do):
27 | '''
28 | Graf průměrné denní teploty.
29 | '''
30 | data = meteo.zpracuj(meteo.stahni(), 'prumer-teplota')
31 | hodnoty = list(_filtruj_roky(data['hodnoty'], od, do))
32 | grafy.vykresli_spojnice(hodnoty, data['nadpis'], data['jednotky'])
33 |
34 |
35 | @main.command()
36 | @click.option('--od', type=int, default=2000, help='Počáteční rok')
37 | @click.option('--do', type=int, default=2017, help='Konečný rok')
38 | def srazky(od, do):
39 | '''
40 | Graf denního úhrnu srážek.
41 | '''
42 | data = meteo.zpracuj(meteo.stahni(), 'srazky')
43 | hodnoty = list(_filtruj_roky(data['hodnoty'], od, do))
44 | grafy.vykresli_sloupce(hodnoty, data['nadpis'], data['jednotky'])
45 |
46 |
47 | if __name__ == '__main__':
48 | main()
49 |
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/reseni/rosnicka/grafy.py:
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1 | #!/usr/bin/env python3
2 |
3 | from matplotlib import pyplot
4 | from matplotlib.dates import YearLocator
5 |
6 |
7 | def vykresli_spojnice(hodnoty, nadpis, jednotky):
8 | fig, ax = pyplot.subplots()
9 |
10 | pyplot.title(nadpis)
11 | pyplot.xlabel('datum')
12 | pyplot.ylabel(jednotky)
13 |
14 | x_hodnoty = [polozka[0] for polozka in hodnoty]
15 | y_hodnoty = [polozka[1] for polozka in hodnoty]
16 |
17 | pyplot.plot_date(x_hodnoty, y_hodnoty, 'b-', linewidth=0.5)
18 | pyplot.axhline(0, linewidth=0.2)
19 |
20 | # v jakých intervalech a jak mají vypadat popisky na ose X
21 | ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(YearLocator())
22 |
23 | pyplot.show()
24 |
25 |
26 | def vykresli_sloupce(hodnoty, nadpis, jednotky):
27 | pyplot.title(nadpis)
28 | pyplot.xlabel('datum')
29 | pyplot.ylabel(jednotky)
30 |
31 | x_hodnoty = [polozka[0] for polozka in hodnoty]
32 | y_hodnoty = [polozka[1] for polozka in hodnoty]
33 |
34 | pyplot.bar(x_hodnoty, y_hodnoty, color='b')
35 | pyplot.show()
36 |
37 |
38 | if __name__ == '__main__':
39 | from datetime import date
40 | hodnoty = [
41 | (date(2014, 1, 1), 111),
42 | (date(2015, 1, 1), 123),
43 | (date(2016, 1, 1), 126),
44 | (date(2017, 1, 1), 90),
45 | (date(2018, 1, 1), 80),
46 | ]
47 | vykresli_spojnice(hodnoty, 'test', 'm/s')
48 | # vykresli_sloupce(hodnoty, 'test', 'm/s')
49 |
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/datasets/template.html:
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1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 | Meteorologická data
6 |
20 |
21 |
22 |
23 |
24 |
25 | {% for filename, dataset in datasets.items() %}
26 | - {{ dataset.title }}
27 | {%- endfor %}
28 |
29 |
33 |
{{ dataset.title }}
34 |
35 |
36 |
37 |
38 | | rok |
39 | měsíc |
40 | den |
41 |
42 |
43 | {% for i in range(31) -%}
44 | | {{ i + 1 }} |
45 | {%- endfor %}
46 |
47 |
48 |
49 |
50 | {% for row in dataset.data -%}
51 |
52 | | {{ row.rok }} |
53 | {{ row.mesic }} |
54 | {% for den in row.dny -%}
55 | {{ den }} |
56 | {%- endfor %}
57 |
58 | {%- endfor %}
59 |
60 |
61 |
62 |