├── .gitignore ├── CPU Card ├── Schematics │ ├── CPU.pdf │ ├── MMU.pdf │ ├── Misc.pdf │ ├── Video.pdf │ ├── Clock+IO.pdf │ └── Connector.pdf ├── Rendered Preview │ ├── Back.png │ └── Front.png ├── Altium Project Files │ └── CPU_CARD_SCH.zip ├── Gerber Files │ └── Gerber - Lisa CPU Card.zip └── README.md ├── 2MB RAM Card ├── Schematics │ ├── SIMMs.pdf │ ├── Connector.pdf │ ├── Main Logic.pdf │ ├── Passives.pdf │ └── Latching & Parity.pdf ├── Rendered Preview │ ├── Back.png │ └── Front.png ├── Altium Project Files │ └── 2MB_RAM_CARD.zip ├── Gerber Files │ └── Gerber - 2MB RAM Card.zip └── README.md ├── LisATX - Pico ATX PSU Replacement ├── docs │ ├── images │ │ ├── psu.jpg │ │ ├── psu_back.png │ │ └── psu_front.png │ └── schematics │ │ └── psu_schematic.pdf ├── mount │ ├── stl │ │ └── fan_mount.stl │ └── project │ │ └── fan_mount.skp ├── hardware │ ├── project │ │ ├── Altium.zip │ │ └── EasyEDA.zip │ └── gerbers │ │ └── gerber_lisa_psu_replacement_pico_atx.zip ├── license │ └── copying 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All rights and credit go to James MacPhail for producing these documents; these modifications are performed at your own risk. 4 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /Mods and Additional Hardware/Diagnostic Kit/Motherboard Extension Harness/Gerber Files/Gerber - Lisa Motherboard Extension Harness.zip: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/warmech/lisa-hardware/HEAD/Mods and Additional Hardware/Diagnostic Kit/Motherboard Extension Harness/Gerber Files/Gerber - Lisa Motherboard Extension Harness.zip -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /Mods and Additional Hardware/Diagnostic Kit/Motherboard Extension Harness/Schematics/Schematic - Lisa Motherboard Extension Harness.pdf: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/warmech/lisa-hardware/HEAD/Mods and Additional Hardware/Diagnostic Kit/Motherboard Extension Harness/Schematics/Schematic - Lisa Motherboard Extension Harness.pdf -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LisATX - Pico ATX PSU Replacement/license/copying: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | DO WHAT THE FUCK YOU WANT TO PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 2, December 2004 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 2004 Sam Hocevar 5 | 6 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim or modified 7 | copies of this license document, and changing it is allowed as long 8 | as the name is changed. 9 | 10 | DO WHAT THE FUCK YOU WANT TO PUBLIC LICENSE 11 | TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 12 | 13 | 0. You just DO WHAT THE FUCK YOU WANT TO. 14 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /2MB RAM Card/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 2MB SIMM-Based RAM Card 2 | 3 | This project seeks to reproduce the Lisa 2 CPU card as faithfully to the original layout as possible. All ICs, traces, and silkscreening are located as close as possible to their original positions on an OEM card and the most absolute minimum of changes have been applied. These changes can be found in the section below titled "Modifications". 4 | 5 | ## Resources Found In This Project 6 | 7 | In this project, you will find miltuple directories containing different project components. These include: 8 | 9 | 1. Original EasyEDA project data for import into your EasyEDA client (if you use that particular EDA software). 10 | 11 | 2. Exported Altium-equivalent project data; EasyEDA explicitly states that that feature is still in beta and may produce unexpected results when imported - caveat utilitor. 12 | 13 | 3. Gerber files for the current board revision; these may be uploaded to the PCB manufacturer of your choice for production. 14 | 15 | 4. Schematics exported from EasyEDA which detail the PCB design; each major section of the PCB is contained in a separate PDF. 16 | 17 | 5. Preview images of the final Gerber output. 18 | 19 | # Errata, Corrections, and Modifications 20 | 21 | ## OEM Hardware Errata 22 | 23 | In some OEM/aftermarket boards currently in circulation, between one and three ground connections are missing; as such, there have been a number of people over time that have reported non-functional cards assembled from blanks. This project has identified and added/corrected those connections; it has been confirmed with multiple users that the following should be checked and tied to ground on boards currently in circulation: 24 | 25 | 1. U1_8 - Pin 8 (/1K) of U1 (74S109) 26 | 2. U2_15 - Pin 15 (/2G) of U2 (74LS139) 27 | 3. U4_15 - Pin 15 (/G) of U4 (74LS157) 28 | 29 | U4_15 seems to universally be the most common of the three in known instances; if you have assembled a Sun card from a blank PCB and it is not functioning, check U4_15 first. A bodge wire to U4_8 will do the job. 30 | 31 | ## Modifications 32 | 33 | If you are unable to source 256Kx9 parity SIMMs, the following modifications can be performed to allow you to use a couple of alternatives. These are untested by myself - caveat utilitor - and come from users sigma7 and patrick at LisaList [(link to archived thread)](https://web.archive.org/web/20231031062244/https://lisalist2.com/index.php/topic,456.msg3284.html#new). 34 | 35 | > The problem (possibly not the only one, but a major DRAM compatibility issue) is that the Lisa design implements 256 cycles per 4ms of refresh. DRAM chips larger than 256K x1 typically need more (eg. 512 cycles per 8ms), and so are not refreshed adequately. They may appear to work at first but will fail in a few minutes. A 256K x9 SIMM with 3 chips may be made with one 256K x1 chip (for the parity bit) and two 256K x4 chips. The 256k x4 chips probably (maybe always, IDK) require more than 256 cycles of refresh. I speculate that an over-performing part may still work if it hosts the video page. A modification was in the works to convert the SR design to "hidden" refresh to support most DRAM chips, but since 30 pin SIMMs of any size (and sockets) are no longer inexpensive, we really need a new memory board design that uses current RAM chips. TLDR: Check the DRAM chip's datasheet: if it specifies more than 256 cycles of refresh, it probably won't work in the SR board. -sigma7 36 | 37 | > You should be able to use 1M x9 SIMMs, which were more common than the 256k types. Address line A9 (pin 18) must be tied low so that only 1/4 of the capacity is used. The upper half of the memory is not refreshed, but since it is not used, this is not critical. -patrick -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /CPU Card/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Lisa 2 CPU Card 2 | 3 | This project seeks to reproduce the Lisa 2 CPU card as faithfully to the original layout as possible. All ICs, traces, and silkscreening are located as close as possible to their original positions on an OEM card and the most absolute minimum of changes have been applied. These changes can be found in the section below titled "Modifications". 4 | 5 | ## Resources Found In This Project 6 | 7 | In this project, you will find miltuple directories containing different project components. These include: 8 | 9 | 1. Original EasyEDA project data for import into your EasyEDA client (if you use that particular EDA software). 10 | 11 | 2. Exported Altium-equivalent project data; EasyEDA explicitly states that that feature is still in beta and may produce unexpected results when imported - caveat utilitor. 12 | 13 | 3. Gerber files for the current board revision; these may be uploaded to the PCB manufacturer of your choice for production. 14 | 15 | 4. Scans of the original CPU card that was generously donated for the purposes of completing this project. These are of more than acceptable quality and allow for easy observation and study of the OEM card's architecture. An indicator for length is included in the scans to indicate how the image should be properly scaled on your display to accurately reflect actual size. 16 | 17 | 5. Schematics exported from EasyEDA which detail the PCB design; each major section of the PCB is contained in a separate PDF. 18 | 19 | 6. Preview images of the final Gerber output. 20 | 21 | # Errata, Corrections, and Modifications 22 | 23 | ## Factory Bodges 24 | 25 | The following bodges have been corrected in this card's design to be included as physical traces which remove the original incorrect traces altogether and replace them with the correct required traces. 26 | 27 | 1. Original Connection: U1D_12 > U2D_4 28 | Corrected Connection: U1D_11 > U2D_4 29 | 30 | 2. Original Connection: U3C_2 > U5D_14 31 | Corrected Connection: U1D_2 > U5D_14 32 | 33 | 3. Original Connection: U4A_4 > U2B_3 34 | Corrected Connection: U1B_8 > U2B_3 35 | 36 | ## Components Not Featured On PCB 37 | 38 | 1. R18 (1K) which, in the schematics pulls up the line between U3C_1, U3B_13, U3B_5, U3C_15, U3B_3, U4B_5, U4B_3, U2B_5, U4B_11, U4B_3, U2B_1, U4B_15, U2B_11, and U2B_13, is not present on the CPU card revision this design was based off of (620-0119 Rev. H). RP1_5 is also connected to this network and seems to fulfill a similar purpose. 39 | 40 | 2. R19 (3.3K) which, in the schematics pulls up the VMA line between U13A_19 (CPU pin 19) and U8C_8 (74LS244 pin 8), is not present on the CPU card revision this design was based off of (620-0119 Rev. H). 41 | 42 | 3. DS1 which, in the schematics is an LED tying U11C_2 to GND, is not present on the CPU card revision this design was based off of (620-0119-H). It is present on some other revisions, however. 43 | 44 | ## Schematic Errata 45 | 46 | 1. Some versions of the schematics indicate connector pins 1 and 2 are /SH0 and /SL0 respectively. These are backwards (pin 1 should be /SL0 and pin 2 should be /SH0) and corrected in later printings of the schematics. 47 | 48 | 2. Four pins on RP1 are connected incorrectly in the schematic to a family of signal lines: 49 | - RP1_1 shows to be tied to the /RO line in the schematics; it is actually tied to the /IO line 50 | - RP1_14 shows to be tied to the /IO line in the schematics; it is actually tied to the /RO line 51 | - RP1_9 shows to be tied to the /MEM line in the schematics; it is actually tied to the /STK line 52 | - RP1_25 shows to be tied to the /STK line in the schematics; it is actually tied to the /MEM line 53 | 54 | 3. U11C_3 shows to be tied to the UD7 line in some versions of the schematics. It is instead tied to U11C_4/GND on the CPU card revision this design was based off of (620-0119 Rev. H). 55 | 56 | ## Modifications 57 | 58 | 1. The ceramic disc capacitor bridging U5C_11 (/HDMSK) to U5C_8 (GND) was originally soldered straight to the pins of the IC. This has been removed and added as a distinct component with a designated number and mask - C43 - and is located adjacent and in parallel to C21. 59 | 60 | 2. The three unpopulated pins to the right of U14D_23 (EPROM) are shown in the schematics as an undesignated jumper between the UA12 line and +5V. The default configuration is a connection between U13A_40 and U13D_23/U14D_23. A numerical designator and mask have been added - J1 - and the pads resized to accept standard 2.54mm pitch male header pins. 61 | 62 | ## Board Revisions 63 | 64 | 1. Version 1.0 of this PCB failed to connect the power and ground pins of U5A to their corresponding rails. This is corrected in version 1.1. 65 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Lisa Hardware 2 | 3 | This project aims to either reproduce or provide alternative designs for internal electronic and logical elements of the Apple Lisa 2. Any references to part availability are current as of late 2022. 4 | 5 | # Project Elements 6 | 7 | The following sections provide detail for the elements this project aims to either reproduce or replace. Due to the current component shortage, pre-assembled vendor carts are not provided as component availability is constantly in flux. 8 | 9 | ## CPU Card 10 | 11 | NOTE: This card has been confirmed to boot successfully into LOS. LisaTest, however, reports an issue with the error logic. This is currently being investigated and this disclaimer will be updated when resolved. 12 | 13 | The Lisa 2's CPU hardware is contained on a single dedicated PCB in the card stack. This card contains sub-sections responsible for the following aspects of the Lisa 2: 14 | 15 | - The CPU itself; 16 | - Error detection logic; 17 | - Memory management; 18 | - Video signal generation, timing, and VRAM management; 19 | - Clock circuitry; and 20 | - Minor I/O functionality. 21 | 22 | The CPU card interfaces with the system bus via a 120-pin card edge connector whose pins are 1.4mm wide across a 2.54mm pitch, using a readily available and currently produced female connector on the motherboard (backplane). There are three factory bodge wires and one undocumented ceramic disc capacitor which have now been integrated directly into the design of this card. The original traces which were cut in order to produce the bodges have been removed and are replaced by the connections the bodges were added to create. The capacitor has been added with its own component designation (C43) and silkscreen in order to prevent users from having to solder the capacitor directly to the IC's legs on which it was originally soldered. Additionally, some passive components listed in the schematics are not present on the original hardware and, thus, are also not present on this card. These and other corrections/errata may be found in the CPU card sub-directory within the readme file. 23 | 24 | ## 512K RAM Card 25 | 26 | ## 2MB SIMM-Based RAM Card 27 | 28 | This is a reproduction of the Sun Remarketing 2MB RAM card; as of late October 2023, it appears that this card is now generally unobtainable. This card allows one to forego the use of 4164 or 41256 DRAM ICs and instead opt for much cheaper and more commonly available 256Kx9 (parity) SIMMs. One may also use 1MB SIMMs if 256Kx9 are unavailable; instructions for this process may be found in this project's readme. Additionally, this project corrects some net errors present in some production runs of the OEM card; further information may be found in the readme as well. The eventual goal of this project is to produce two further designs: first, a GAL-based condensing of controller logic to reduce the number of 74-series ICs and, second, an eventual CPLD-based replacement for the entirety of the controller logic. 29 | 30 | ## LRambo OEM 512K RAM Card Modification / AST Ramstack Clone 31 | 32 | ## Diagnostic Cards 33 | 34 | The Lisa is a veritable hassle to work on due to the nature of its construction; as it uses a backplane (referred to as the "motherboard" by Apple) to connect all the separate system cards, the entire "card stack" or "card-cage" must be assembled and inserted into the system chassis for the Lisa to operate. These cards seek to address this difficulty by allowing one to a) extend the card cage outside of the system chassis by means of an umbilical cord of sorts, and b) fold the I/O and CPU cards over 90 degrees to allow the CPU card to be worked on by exposing its component side to the user. To keep manufacturing costs as low as possible, these cards are meant to be snapped apart by the end-user instead of producing multiple individual cards. 35 | 36 | For the riser cards that flip the CPU and I/O cards over by 90 degrees, there is a recess between the edge of the cage and the slot used to align the I/O card that almost perfectly allows for flipping the cards and having just enough distance left over for the CPU card to insert into the new edge connector. The distance is so exact that it makes me wonder if Apple didn't use a similar set of cards of their own for testing/diagnosing Lisa hardware. 37 | 38 | ## LisATX - Pico ATX PSU Replacement 39 | 40 | The Lisa's PSU is, if unmaintained, virtually unreparable at this point if any of a few issues are encountered. The relay used to soft-power-up the system, the main transformer itself, and some of the transistors located across the PSU are no longer manufactured and next to impossible to locate replacements for. This PCB aims to be a drop-in replacement for the original PSU and uses as many off-the-shelf components as possible. ~~Eventually, I'd like to return to this once my knowledge of PSU design has matured a bit and put together a much less overkill (and better) approach.~~ This has been updated as of March 6, 2023, to use far more standardized components (what was I thinking... "crack open a 30+ year old ATX PSU and hack it up to work with this" - lunacy!). 41 | 42 | ## 4MB RAM Modification 43 | 44 | This modification does not require the production of any additional hardware and, as such, only instructional documentation is included in this element's sub-directory. 45 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LisATX - Pico ATX PSU Replacement/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Drop-In ATX PSU Replacement 2 | 3 | This PCB aims to serve as a replacement for the aging 1.2A Lisa PSU and uses as many off the shelf components as possible; the three main components (the +12V primary PSU, the Pico ATX secondary PSU, and the buck-boost convertor for the +33V rail), for instance, are all easily obtained on Amazon. The original 1.2A power supply uses a number of components that are becoming increasingly difficult to obtain, namely: 4 | 5 | - The solid state optoelectronic relay used to switch on power in the PSU (these are next to impossible to source at a reasonable price) 6 | - The main transformer (which had failed in one of mine; as it is unique to the Lisa PSU, it's literally unobtainable unless scavenging from another 1.2A Lisa PSU) 7 | 8 | ![](docs/images/psu.jpg) 9 | 10 | The following components/parts are required and may be divided into two types: new components/parts and parts which may otherwise be recycled from an original PSU. The complete BOM is as follows (all resistors 1/4 watt): 11 | 12 | - 1 - 12V 15A 180W Switching PSU - Multiple Manufacturers, Part No. S-180-12 ([Amazon](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0B7CW3H2T)) 13 | - 1 - Pico ATX PSU - Multiple Manufacturers, Multiple Part Nos. - See note below - Example: ([Amazon](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B071P3HMNK)) 14 | - 1 - XL6009 Boost Convertor Module - Multiple Manufacturers, Multiple Part Nos. - Example: ([Amazon](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07KBRWWQX)) 15 | - 1 - 2N4401 NPN Transistor (Q1) - Onsemi/Fairchild Semiconductor, Part No. 2N4401BU ([Mouser](https://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/512-2N4401BU)) 16 | - 1 - 7905 Linear Voltage Regulator (Q2) - Onsemi, Part No. MC7905BTG ([Mouser](https://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/863-MC7905BTG)) 17 | - 4 - TO-220 Rectangular Fin Heatsink - Wakefield-Vette, Part No. 274-1AB ([Mouser](https://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/567-274-1AB)) 18 | - 4 - TO-220 Mica Thermally Conductive Gap Pad - Aavid, Part No. 56-77-8G ([Mouser](https://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/532-56-77-8G)) 19 | - 4 - Nylon M3 x 0.5 x 8mm Phillips Screw - Essentra, Part No. 50M030050G008 ([Mouser](https://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/144-50M030050G008)) 20 | - 4 - Nylon M3 Hex Nut - Essentra, Part No. 04M030050HNDIN34814 ([Mouser](https://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/144-04M030050HNDIN34)) 21 | - 1 - 40mm x 40mm x 10mm DC Fan (12V or 5V) 22 | - 3 - 100K Ohm Resistor (R1, R4, R6) 23 | - 1 - 1M Ohm Resistor (R2) 24 | - 2 - 2M Ohm Potentiometer (R3, R5) 25 | - 1 - 820K Ohm Resistor (R7) 26 | - 1 - 40K Ohm Resistor (R8) 27 | - 2 - 0.1uF Ceramic Capacitor (C1, C2) 28 | - 1 - Interlock Switch 29 | - 1 - 3-Pin Molex Connector 30 | 31 | Of the above components, R1-R7, Q2, the 3-Pin Molex connector, and the interlock switch may be recycled from a 1.2A Lisa PSU. If you plan on using the interlock switch, it is highly recommended that you recycle the one from your original PSU; this is due to the lack of comparable replacements that have the exact same form factor. The model linked to in the BOM is a close match, but is not intended for right angle mounting; regardless, it can be secured in place via the mounting holes and connected to the appropriate pads via wire jumpers. Additionally, unless you have Molex connector assembly tools, it is also recommended that you recycle the Molex power connector. 32 | 33 | ![](docs/images/psu_front.png) 34 | ![](docs/images/psu_back.png) 35 | 36 | NOTE: When selecting a Pico ATX PSU, be mindful to select one whose output is capable of meeting the peak draw indicated in the Lisa Hardware Manual: 37 | 38 | - +5V: 8A 39 | - +12V 2A 40 | - -12V 200mA 41 | - +5VSB 100mA 42 | 43 | Unfortunately, one of the major tasks is finding a PSU that is capable of outputting a decent amount of current on the -12V rail. Most Pico ATX PSUs peak at ~100mA on the -12V rail and, while the example above is capable of peaking at 200mA, it is still worrisome due to the fact that the -5V rail has to be derived from the -12V rail via linear voltage regulator. The linear regulation process unfortunately requires a current that causes the -12V rail on most Pico PSUs to either run very close to its peak or exceeds it wholesale. 44 | 45 | # Assembly Instructions 46 | 47 | The following instructions will guide you through the process of installing an ATX PSU into a Lisa PSU enclosure: 48 | 49 | 1. Begin by assembling all the discrete components, such as resistors, transistors, potentiometers, connectors, etc. 50 | 51 | 2. Once the discrete components have been installed, remove the +12V PSU from its metal housing. The S-180-12 PSU should have the same construction regardless of the manufacurer, so disassembly should be the same no matter which brand you buy. Be sure to retain the insulating plastic sheet. 52 | 53 | 3. Install the heatsinks on the four TO-220 transistors (the 7905 and the three other transistors on the 12V PSU), ensuring that you insert and evenly align the mica insulators between each heatsink and the back of each transistor. 54 | 55 | 4. Place the +12V PSU and its insulator sheet inside the corresponding outline on the replacement board and align the PSU using the holes on each PCB. Once aligned, insert spacers between each indicated fastener hole and attach the PSU using machine screws. Optimally, using short motherboard standoffs is recommended - it just looks cleaner and you don't have to source plastic or nylon spacers (or do as I've done countless times and crudley fashion your own from bits of plastic you find lying about). 56 | 57 | 5. Next, place the buck-boost PCB inside the XL6009 outline, making sure to align the proud solder pads with the rectangular cutout in the board. Once aligned, flow a large amount of solder on to each corner pad and solder the XL6009 unit down to the board. 58 | 59 | 6. Loosely insert the Pico ATX PSU into its connector (soldered down in step 1). Once inserted, measure the approximate distance between the power and ground connection on the Pico and their corresponding terminals on the S-180-12. Once measured, cut lengths of either 12 or 14 gauge wire that are slightly longer than the approximte length measured previously. Strip and tin one end of each wire; for the other end of each wire, strip the end and crimp an appropriately sized spade terminal that will fit the screw terminal on the S-180-12. Once the terminals have been affixed, solder the tinned ends into their corresponding pads on the Pico ATX PSU and then connect the spade terminals to their corresponding connections on the S-180-12 screw terminal. Firmly press the Pico to completely seat in in its connector. 60 | 61 | 7. Measure the approximate distance between the Live (L), Neutral (N), and Frame Ground (FG) pads next to the Molex power connector and their corresponding terminals on the S-180-12. Once measured, cut lengths of either 12 or 14 gauge wire that are slightly longer than the approximte length measured previously. Strip and tin one end of each wire; for the other end of each wire, strip the end and crimp an appropriately sized spade terminal that will fit the screw terminal on the S-180-12. Once the terminals have been affixed, solder the tinned ends into their corresponding AC input pads and then connect the spade terminals to their corresponding connections on the S-180-12 screw terminal. 62 | 63 | 8. Install the 40mm fan into the 3D-printed fan mount using #4-40 x 3/4" round head machine screws and nuts in their respective captive sockets. Ensure the air output side of the fan is facing the side of the mount with the #4-40 nuts. Once installed, attach the mount to the PCB with #4-40 x 3/8" round head machine screws and nuts in their respective captive slots. Ensure that the air output side of the fan is facing the case exterior. Once installed, solder the fan's power and ground wires to the appropriate connections to the right of the fan mount in the "Fan Power" pads. 64 | 65 | 9. Install the PSU into the Lisa PSU case and attach the IEC power connector to the Molex connector on the PCB. There will be some resistance when initially inserting the PCB due to the fan mount (if used) making contact with the case wall. A little give is okay and should not damage the mount. Once inserted, secure the PCB to the case using the visible screw posts. 66 | 67 | 10. Once secured, place a jumper on J1 and connect the PSU to an IEC power cable to turn the Pico ATX PSU on. Once on, use a multimeter and measure the voltage produced by the XL6009. If it is above or below +33V, use the potentiometer on the module to dial in the voltage. Once dialed in, unplug the PSU and remove the jumper from J1. 68 | 69 | 11. Once the jumper is removed from J1, screw the case back together to finish assembly. The PSU is now ready for use. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------