├── .editorconfig ├── CONTRIBUTING.md ├── LICENSE.md ├── README.md ├── dictionary.md ├── font-weights.md ├── git.md ├── keyboard.md └── names.md /.editorconfig: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # EditorConfig is awesome: http://EditorConfig.org 2 | root = true 3 | 4 | [*] 5 | indent_style = tab 6 | end_of_line = lf 7 | trim_trailing_whitespace = true 8 | insert_final_newline = true 9 | charset = utf-8 10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /CONTRIBUTING.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Составление словаря 2 | 3 | Есть два способа принять участие в составлении словаря по фронтенду: 4 | 5 | 1. Предложить **новый** термин для перевода 6 | 2. Предложить **лучший** перевод существующего термина 7 | 8 | Любое из этих действий лучше оформить с помощью пулреквеста, однако можно просто завести задачу с обсуждением. Пока не сложился чёткий подход к оформлению словарной статьи, оформляйте новые термины на основе существующих примеров. 9 | 10 | **Внимание,** не забывайте синхронизировать ваш форк с основным репозиторием перед началом редактирования, чтобы избежать конфликтов, [см. справку](//help.github.com/articles/syncing-a-fork). Если ваш пулреквест закрывает какое-то ишью, добавляйте [фразу для автоматического закрытия](//help.github.com/articles/closing-issues-using-keywords/) ишью при мёрже. 11 | 12 | У словаря есть редакторы, поэтому будьте готовы к тому, что за качеством текста будут следить, и не все идеи и подходы найдут своё место. 13 | 14 | ## Полезные ссылки 15 | 16 | - [Словарь Шрифтовых Терминов — Справочник ParaType](http://www.paratype.ru/help/term/) 17 | 18 | --- 19 | Распространяется по лицензии [CC-BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ru). 20 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International 2 | 3 | ======================================================================= 4 | 5 | Creative Commons Corporation ("Creative Commons") is not a law firm and 6 | does not provide legal services or legal advice. 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Except for the limited purpose of indicating 414 | that material is shared under a Creative Commons public license or as 415 | otherwise permitted by the Creative Commons policies published at 416 | creativecommons.org/policies, Creative Commons does not authorize the 417 | use of the trademark "Creative Commons" or any other trademark or logo 418 | of Creative Commons without its prior written consent including, 419 | without limitation, in connection with any unauthorized modifications 420 | to any of its public licenses or any other arrangements, 421 | understandings, or agreements concerning use of licensed material. For 422 | the avoidance of doubt, this paragraph does not form part of the public 423 | licenses. 424 | 425 | Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org. 426 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Словари по фронтенду 2 | 3 | Сборник словарей по фронтенду и клиентским технологиям с определениями и примерами, принятый к использованию в редакциях «[Веб-стандартов](https://web-standards.ru)» и [Доки](https://doka.guide/), а также рекомендованный для всей русскоязычной литературы о веб-технологиях. 4 | 5 | - [Термины](dictionary.md) 6 | - [Git и GitHub](git.md) 7 | - [Зарубежные имена](names.md) 8 | - [Имена насыщенности шрифта](font-weights.md) 9 | - [Названия символов на клавиатуре](keyboard.md) 10 | 11 | ## Редакция 12 | 13 | - [Алёна Батицкая](https://github.com/solarrust) 14 | - [Александр Бондарев](https://github.com/skip405) 15 | - [Полина Гуртовая](https://github.com/HellSquirrel) 16 | - [Игорь Коровченко](https://github.com/igsekor) 17 | - [Алексей Пыльцын](https://github.com/lex111) 18 | - [Татьяна Фокина](https://github.com/TatianaFokina) 19 | 20 | Авторы идеи и первоначального списка терминов: 21 | 22 | - [Ольга Алексашенко](https://engelside.net/portfolio/) 23 | - [Вадим Макеев](https://pepelsbey.dev/) 24 | 25 | [Список контрибьюторов](https://github.com/web-standards-ru/dictionary/graphs/contributors) 26 | 27 | ## Задача 28 | 29 | Задачи составителей словаря — дать единый перевод, определение, способ записи и произношения принятой в профессиональном общении терминологии, а также рекомендовать новые, более удачные переводы. 30 | 31 | ## Принципы 32 | 33 | В словаре отобраны термины, имеющие неоднозначное, переносное или отличное от широкого употребления значение. Переводы простых слов, употребимых во фронтенд-разработке, в словаре не приводятся. Также словарь избегает перевода названий технологий и языков, которые пока принято записывать латиницей. При выборе варианта перевода приоритет будет отдан наиболее употребимому в профессиональной среде, либо исторически принятому (например, в типографике). 34 | 35 | ## Участие 36 | 37 | В составлении словаря может принять участие любой желающий. Вы можете предложить новый термин, открыть обсуждение перевода или просто исправить ошибку или неточность. Читайте подробнее [в правилах участия](CONTRIBUTING.md). 38 | 39 | ## Зарубежные имена 40 | 41 | При переводе имён пользуйтесь [правилами практической транскрипции](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Категория:Практическая_транскрипция_с_русским_языком). 42 | 43 | --- 44 | Распространяется по лицензии [CC-BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ru). 45 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /dictionary.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Словарь терминов по фронтенду 2 | 3 | Оглавление: [0-9](#0-9) [A](#a) [B](#b) [C](#c) [D](#d) [E](#e) [F](#f) [G](#g) [H](#h) [I](#i) J [K](#k) [L](#l) [M](#m) [N](#n) [O](#o) [P](#p) [Q](#q) [R](#r) [S](#s) [T](#t) [U](#u) [V](#v) [W](#w) X Y Z 4 | 5 | ## 0-9 6 | 7 | ### 9-slice scaling 8 | **9-дольное масштабирование** (неискажающее масштабирование), техника, позволяющая изменять размер объекта без геометрических искажений. Объект делится на 9 долей (3 строки и 3 колонки), каждая из которых масштабируется по собственным правилам: углы не масштабируются совсем, центральная доля масштабируется по высоте и по ширине, оставшиеся доли масштабируются либо только по ширине, либо только по высоте. 9 | 10 | ## A 11 | 12 | ### accessibility, a11y 13 | 14 | **доступность,** возможность использования интерфейса всеми, независимо от физических или технических ограничений. 15 | 16 | ### adaptive design 17 | 18 | **адаптивный дизайн,** подход к дизайну сайтов, учитывающий их адаптацию под различные устройства и условия, противопоставляется распространённому «фиксированному» дизайну только для компьютеров. Один из способов создания адаптивного дизайна — методики [отзывчивого дизайна](#responsive-design). 19 | 20 | ### almost standards mode 21 | 22 | **почти стандартный режим,** режим интерпретации и отображения страницы браузером, в котором браузер целенаправленно отходит от стандартов (как при [режиме совместимости](#quirks-mode)) лишь для отдельных особых случаев, используется для страниц с переходными [доктайпами](#doctype) HTML 4 и XHTML 1. 23 | 24 | ### anchor 25 | 26 | 1. **ссылка,** гиперссылка между двумя документами. 27 | 2. **якорь,** ссылка на элемент в пределах документа, может быть частью гиперссылки. 28 | 29 | ### animation 30 | 31 | **анимация,** плавное изменение визуальных параметров объекта. 32 | 33 | ### asset 34 | 35 | **ресурс,** составная часть сайта: текстовые файлы, графика, видео, базы данных и др. В узком смысле «статический ресурс»: стили, скрипты, оформительская графика, в противоположность динамическому [содержимому](https://github.com/web-standards-ru/dictionary/blob/master/dictionary.md#content). 36 | 37 | ### assert 38 | 39 | **проверка,** условие, которое проверяется, употр. в тестировании, напр. _field assert has failed — проверка поля не прошла._ 40 | 41 | ### at-keyword 42 | 43 | **ключ директивы,** см. [директива](#at-rule) 44 | 45 | ### at-rule 46 | 47 | **директива,** тип [объявления](#statement), начинающегося со знака `@`, напр. _@import_. 48 | 49 | ### attribute 50 | 51 | **атрибут,** напр. `rel="stylesheet"`. 52 | 53 | - attribute name — **название атрибута** 54 | - attribute value — **значение атрибута** 55 | 56 | ## B 57 | 58 | ### backdrop 59 | 60 | **подложка,** элемент, занимающий всю ширину и высоту окна браузера, отрисовывается под любыми элементами, открытыми в полноэкранном режиме. 61 | 62 | ### back-end 63 | 64 | **бэке́нд** 65 | 66 | 1. область веб-технологий, работающих на сервере. 67 | 2. внутренняя часть серверной системы, занимается обработкой данных. 68 | 69 | ### background 70 | 71 | **фон,** напр. _background image — фоновое изображение._ 72 | 73 | - background-color — **цвет фона** 74 | - background-position — **позиция фона** 75 | - background-size — **размер фона** 76 | - background-repeat — **повторение фона** 77 | - background-origin — **границы фона** 78 | - background-clip — **обрезка фона** 79 | - background-attachment — **закрепление фона** 80 | - background-image — **фоновое изображение** 81 | 82 | ### baseline 83 | 84 | **базовая линия,** воображаемая линия в основании букв в строке. 85 | 86 | ### bikeshed 87 | 88 | **уделять чрезмерное внимание мелочам,** (см. [закон тривиальности](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Закон_тривиальности)). Устоявшегося русского эквивалента нет, при переводе лучше передавать общий смысл, напр. _avoid bikeshedding — не спорить о мелочах_. 89 | 90 | ### blending mode 91 | 92 | **режим наложения,** алгоритм смешивания слоёв, применяемый в графических редакторах или прямо в CSS, напр. _overlay blending mode — режим наложения перекрытием._ 93 | 94 | ### block 95 | 96 | 1. **блок деклараций,** структурная часть [объявления](#statement). Заключается в фигурные скобки и содержит декларации свойств (или, в случае медиавыражения, блоки стилей). 97 | 2. **блочный вид,** см. [вид](#display) 98 | 99 | ### blockquote 100 | 101 | **блочная цитата,** HTML-элемент для выделения цитируемой _нестрочной_ области документа. Может содержать атрибут `cite` со ссылкой на первоисточник. 102 | 103 | ### border 104 | 105 | **рамка,** внешняя видимая часть блока, напр. _border-left — рамка слева._ 106 | 107 | - border-collapse — слияние рамки 108 | - border-color — цвет рамки 109 | - border-image — графическая рамка 110 | - border-image-outset — выступ графической рамки 111 | - border-image-repeat — повторение графической рамки 112 | - border-image-slice — разбивка графической рамки 113 | - border-image-source — адрес изображения для графической рамки 114 | - border-image-width — толщина графической рамки 115 | - border-radius — скругление рамки 116 | - border-style — стиль рамки 117 | - border-width — ширина рамки 118 | 119 | ### border-radius 120 | 121 | **скругление рамки,** напр., _border-radius: 3px — скругление рамки на 3 пикселя, border-top-left-radius — скругление верхнего левого угла,_ см. также [скруглённые углы](#rounded-corners). 122 | 123 | ### bounding box 124 | 125 | **окаймляющий блок** 126 | 127 | ### box model 128 | 129 | **блочная модель,** система размерностей блока, состоит из содержимого, отступа, рамки и внешнего отступа. 130 | 131 | ### box-shadow 132 | 133 | **тень (блока),** напр. _box-shadow is red — тень блока красная._ 134 | 135 | ### breadcrumbs 136 | 137 | **хлебные кро́шки,** вспомогательная навигация на сайте, последовательно отражающая структуру или пройденные шаги. 138 | 139 | ### breakpoint 140 | 141 | 1. **брейкпоинт,** — одно из широко употребимых многозначных переводов, точное значение понятно из контекста. 142 | 2. **точка останова,** строка в коде, на которой выполнение скрипта приостанавливается для вызова отладчика. 143 | 3. **контрольная точка,** условие, при котором раскладка сайта меняется с одной на другую. Характерно для медиавыражений. 144 | 145 | ### browser 146 | 147 | **бра́узер** 148 | 149 | ### button 150 | 151 | **кнопка** 152 | 153 | 1. элемент интерфейса, при нажатии отправляющий форму или производящий иное действие 154 | 2. элемент формы `