├── .gitignore ├── LICENSE.txt ├── README.md ├── images ├── banner.png └── social_preview.png └── src ├── symlink-info.sh └── what.sh /.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | /.vscode 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 3, 29 June 2007 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 6 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 7 | 8 | Preamble 9 | 10 | The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for 11 | software and other kinds of works. 12 | 13 | The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed 14 | to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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It is safest 630 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 631 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 632 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 633 | 634 | 635 | Copyright (C) 636 | 637 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 638 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 639 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 640 | (at your option) any later version. 641 | 642 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 643 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 644 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 645 | GNU General Public License for more details. 646 | 647 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 648 | along with this program. If not, see . 649 | 650 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 651 | 652 | If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short 653 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: 654 | 655 | Copyright (C) 656 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 657 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 658 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 659 | 660 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 661 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands 662 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box". 663 | 664 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, 665 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. 666 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see 667 | . 668 | 669 | The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program 670 | into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you 671 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with 672 | the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 673 | Public License instead of this License. But first, please read 674 | . 675 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ![banner image](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wjandrea/what-bash/main/images/banner.png) 2 | 3 | # what-bash 4 | 5 | `what` is a Bash function that gets info about a command, like what exactly it is and where. It can help with understanding a command's behaviour and troubleshooting issues. For example, if you run an executable, delete it, then try running it again, Bash may try to run the file that you just deleted (due to pathname hashing), leading to a confusing error message. `what` will tell you about that problem. 6 | 7 | Along with it is `symlink-info`, which details complicated symlinks. `what` uses it on symlinked executable files. 8 | 9 | ## `what` 10 | 11 | ### Examples 12 | 13 | (I ran these on my computer running Ubuntu 18.04.) 14 | 15 | #### Basic usage 16 | 17 | Show basic info about a variety of commands: 18 | 19 | ```none 20 | $ what if type find what 21 | if 22 | keyword 23 | type 24 | builtin 25 | find 26 | file 27 | path: /usr/bin/find 28 | file type: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object 29 | what 30 | function 31 | source: /home/wja/.local/lib/bash/what.sh:348 32 | export: no 33 | ``` 34 | 35 | A bit more complex: 36 | 37 | ```none 38 | $ what awk sh ls 39 | awk 40 | file 41 | path: /usr/bin/awk 42 | symlink: /etc/alternatives/awk 43 | symlink: /usr/bin/mawk 44 | file type: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object 45 | sh 46 | file 47 | path: /bin/sh 48 | symlink: dash 49 | canonical path: /bin/dash 50 | file type: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object 51 | ls 52 | alias 53 | possible source: /home/wja/.bash_aliases 54 | file 55 | path: /bin/ls 56 | file type: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object 57 | ``` 58 | 59 | #### Show definitions of aliases and functions 60 | 61 | Use `what -d`: 62 | 63 | ```none 64 | $ function foo { bar; } 65 | $ what -d foo ll 66 | foo 67 | function 68 | source: main:2 69 | export: no 70 | definition: 71 | foo () 72 | { 73 | bar 74 | } 75 | ll 76 | alias 77 | possible source: /home/wja/.bash_aliases:25 78 | definition: alias ll='ls -alF' # all, long, classified 79 | definition: alias ll='ls -alF' 80 | ``` 81 | 82 | Note that the source of a function can be traced, but not an alias. `what` basically guesses at alias sources. Specifically, it tries to find the alias name in the most common files, using a regex. It doesn't look at the definition, for example: 83 | 84 | ```none 85 | $ alias ll='do_something_else' 86 | $ what -d ll 87 | ll 88 | alias 89 | possible source: /home/wja/.bash_aliases:25 90 | definition: alias ll='ls -alF' # all, long, classified 91 | definition: alias ll='do_something_else' 92 | ``` 93 | 94 | #### Show a problem with a hashed path 95 | 96 | If we create a bad hash: 97 | 98 | ```none 99 | $ hash -p /nonexistent FAKE_COMMAND 100 | $ what FAKE_COMMAND 101 | bash: what: FAKE_COMMAND: File does not exist: /nonexistent 102 | ``` 103 | 104 | ### Help and info 105 | 106 | ```none 107 | $ what -h 108 | Usage: what [-hiv] [-dnt] [name ...] 109 | 110 | Give information about Bash command names, like a more thorough "type". 111 | 112 | Arguments: 113 | NAME Command name to give information about. 114 | If none are given, input is taken from stdin. 115 | 116 | Options: 117 | -d Print definitions for aliases and functions. 118 | -h Print this help message and exit. 119 | -i Print the info message and exit. 120 | -n Provide more info if a command is not found. 121 | Uses "/usr/lib/command-not-found" (available on Debian/Ubuntu) 122 | -t Print only types, similar to "type -at". 123 | -v Print the version and exit. 124 | 125 | Exit Status: 126 | 4 - Missing dependency ("symlink-info" or optionally the "-n" handler) 127 | 3 - Invalid options 128 | 1 - At least one NAME is not found, or any other error 129 | 0 - otherwise 130 | ``` 131 | 132 | ```none 133 | $ what -i 134 | Info provided per type (types ordered by precedence): 135 | alias 136 | - possible source file(s) and line number(s) 137 | - (with option "-d": definition in file) 138 | - (with option "-d": current definition) 139 | keyword 140 | function 141 | - source file and line number 142 | - marked for export (yes/no) 143 | - (with option "-d": definition) 144 | builtin 145 | hashed file (though not a type per se) 146 | - (if hashed file does not exist: warning) 147 | - path 148 | file(s) 149 | - path 150 | - (if symlink: details from "symlink-info") 151 | - file type 152 | 153 | Always iterates over multiple types/instances, e.g: 154 | - echo: builtin and file 155 | - zsh: two files on Debian 156 | 157 | For example: 158 | "what if type ls what zsh sh /" 159 | - Covers keyword, builtin, alias/file, function, multiple 160 | files/absolute symlinks, relative symlink (on Debian/Ubuntu), 161 | and non-command. 162 | 163 | Known issues: 164 | - Bash may have different output between "type COMMAND" and 165 | "type -a COMMAND" if COMMAND is a file but is not executable. 166 | That includes: 167 | - If the user doesn't have execute permissions to the file 168 | - If the file is a directory 169 | - If the file does not exist, as a hashed path 170 | Some of this behaviour depends on the version of Bash. 171 | 172 | Since "what" relies on the output of "type" to make sense of the 173 | environment, it will print an error or warning if affected. 174 | ``` 175 | 176 | ## `symlink-info` 177 | 178 | Resolve a symlink, recursively and canonically 179 | 180 | ### Example 181 | 182 | Borrowing from the above `what` example: 183 | 184 | ```none 185 | $ symlink-info /usr/bin/awk /bin/sh 186 | /usr/bin/awk 187 | symlink: /etc/alternatives/awk 188 | symlink: /usr/bin/mawk 189 | /bin/sh 190 | symlink: dash 191 | canonical path: /bin/dash 192 | ``` 193 | 194 | ### Help 195 | 196 | ```none 197 | $ symlink-info -h 198 | Usage: symlink-info [-hv] [file ...] 199 | 200 | Resolve a symlink, recursively and canonically. 201 | 202 | Arguments: 203 | FILE Filename of symlink to resolve. 204 | 205 | Options: 206 | -h Print this help message and exit. 207 | -v Print the version and exit. 208 | 209 | Info provided per symlink: 210 | - target, recursively 211 | - (if relative: canonical path) 212 | - (if broken: warning) 213 | 214 | Exit Status: 215 | 3 - Invalid options 216 | 1 - At least one FILE is not found, or any other error 217 | 0 - otherwise 218 | ``` 219 | 220 | ### See also 221 | 222 | - [`namei`](https://manpages.debian.org/util-linux/namei.1.html) - follow a pathname until a terminal point is found 223 | - Can be used to show symlinks in the directory path to a file 224 | - You might hear me call this `roots`, like the opposite of `tree` 225 | 226 | ## Installation 227 | 228 | Put `symlink-info.sh` in your `PATH` as `symlink-info`. Source `what.sh` to get the function `what`. 229 | 230 | `what.sh` can also be run directly, but it's not recommended since it won't have access to the active shell environment, e.g. aliases. 231 | 232 | Everything else is your choice. For example, you might want to source `what.sh` from your bashrc so that you always have `what` available. 233 | 234 | For command name completion: 235 | 236 | ```bash 237 | complete -c what 238 | ``` 239 | 240 | ### In a pinch 241 | 242 | `cd` into the `src` directory, then: 243 | 244 | ```bash 245 | hash -p "$PWD/symlink-info.sh" symlink-info && 246 | source "$PWD/what.sh" && 247 | complete -c what 248 | ``` 249 | 250 | (Using `$PWD` with `what.sh` so that there's a record of where `what` came from.) 251 | 252 | ### Requirements 253 | 254 | * Bash 4.3+ 255 | * Untested on earlier versions 256 | * Intended for Debian/Ubuntu, but should work on other Linux distros 257 | 258 | ## Development 259 | 260 | If you're editing `what.sh`, don't forget to source it before running it again, e.g. `source ./what.sh; what ...` 261 | 262 | ## Roadmap 263 | 264 | `what` 265 | 266 | * Add colour 267 | 268 | ## License 269 | 270 | GNU GPLv3 271 | 272 | ## Image credits 273 | 274 | - Theme: [Solarized Dark](https://ethanschoonover.com/solarized/) by Ethan Schoonover 275 | - Font: [Ubuntu Mono](https://design.ubuntu.com/font) 276 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /images/banner.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wjandrea/what-bash/395c115da012ea6ea70c3518ecc1c20f33229f77/images/banner.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /images/social_preview.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wjandrea/what-bash/395c115da012ea6ea70c3518ecc1c20f33229f77/images/social_preview.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/symlink-info.sh: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | # Resolve a symlink, recursively and canonically. 3 | # 4 | # See functions "_usage" and "_help" for more details. 5 | 6 | function _help { 7 | _usage 8 | echo 9 | cat <<'EOF' 10 | Resolve a symlink, recursively and canonically. 11 | 12 | Arguments: 13 | FILE Filename of symlink to resolve. 14 | 15 | Options: 16 | -h Print this help message and exit. 17 | -v Print the version and exit. 18 | 19 | Info provided per symlink: 20 | - target, recursively 21 | - (if relative: canonical path) 22 | - (if broken: warning) 23 | 24 | Exit Status: 25 | 3 - Invalid options 26 | 1 - At least one FILE is not found, or any other error 27 | 0 - otherwise 28 | EOF 29 | } 30 | 31 | function _usage { 32 | cat <<'EOF' 33 | Usage: symlink-info [-hv] [file ...] 34 | EOF 35 | } 36 | 37 | function _indent { 38 | # Indent by the given number of indent levels. 39 | 40 | local end="${1-1}" 41 | local i 42 | local indent_string="${2- }" 43 | 44 | for ((i=1; i<="$end"; i++)); do 45 | printf '%s' "$indent_string" 46 | done 47 | } 48 | 49 | basename=$(basename -- "$0") # For error messages and help 50 | 51 | # Static 52 | version='0.3.2' 53 | 54 | # Defaults 55 | exit=0 56 | 57 | OPTIND=1 58 | while getopts :hv OPT; do 59 | case $OPT in 60 | h) 61 | _help 62 | exit 0 63 | ;; 64 | v) 65 | echo "symlink-info $version" 66 | exit 0 67 | ;; 68 | *) 69 | printf >&2 '%s: Invalid option: -%s\n' \ 70 | "$basename" \ 71 | "$OPTARG" 72 | _usage >&2 73 | exit 3 74 | ;; 75 | esac 76 | done 77 | shift "$((OPTIND-1))" 78 | 79 | for path; do 80 | problem= 81 | if ! [[ -L $path ]]; then 82 | if ! [[ -e $path ]]; then 83 | problem='No such file' 84 | else 85 | problem='Not a symlink' 86 | fi 87 | fi 88 | 89 | if [[ $problem ]]; then 90 | printf >&2 '%s: %s: %s\n' "$basename" "$problem" "$path" 91 | exit=1 92 | continue 93 | fi 94 | 95 | printf '%s\n' "$path" 96 | # While loop accounts for multi-level symlinks 97 | while [[ -L $path ]]; do 98 | target="$(readlink -- "$path")" 99 | 100 | _indent 1 101 | printf 'symlink: %s\n' "$target" 102 | 103 | if [[ $target == /* ]]; then 104 | # Target is absolute. 105 | path="$target" 106 | else 107 | # Target is relative, so join with path dirname. 108 | path="$(dirname -- "$path")/$target" 109 | fi 110 | done 111 | 112 | # Canonical path 113 | path_canonical="$(readlink -m -- "$path")" 114 | if [[ $path_canonical != "$target" ]]; then 115 | _indent 1 116 | printf 'canonical path: %s\n' "$path_canonical" 117 | fi 118 | 119 | if [[ ! -e $path_canonical ]]; then 120 | printf >&2 "%s: Warning: Broken symlink. Target does not exist: %s\n" \ 121 | "$basename" \ 122 | "$path_canonical" 123 | exit=1 124 | fi 125 | done 126 | 127 | exit $exit 128 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/what.sh: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | # Get info about a given command, like a more thorough 'type'. 3 | # 4 | # For more details, see functions _What_usage and _What_help 5 | # as well as _What_info. 6 | 7 | function _What_alias { ( 8 | # Get info about an alias. 9 | 10 | alias="$1" 11 | 12 | # Files that normally contain aliases. 13 | bash_files=( 14 | /etc/profile 15 | /etc/bash.bashrc 16 | ~/.profile 17 | ~/.bash_profile 18 | ~/.bash_login 19 | ~/.bashrc 20 | ~/.bash_aliases 21 | ~/.bash_functions 22 | ) 23 | 24 | # Check if the alias exists in the Bash files. 25 | alias_regex="alias +(-- +)?$alias=" 26 | matches="$(grep -snEH "$alias_regex" "${bash_files[@]}")" 27 | 28 | # Print matches. 29 | # "while" loop accounts for multiple. 30 | if [[ $matches ]]; then 31 | printf '%s\n' "$matches" | while read -r match; do 32 | _What_alias_match_parse "$match" 33 | done 34 | else 35 | _What_alias_match_parse '' 36 | fi 37 | 38 | if [[ $print_definition == true ]]; then 39 | # Print the *current* definition. 40 | _What_indent 2 41 | printf "definition: " 42 | alias -- "$alias" 43 | fi 44 | ) } 45 | 46 | function _What_alias_match_parse { 47 | local match="$1" 48 | local filename 49 | local line_num 50 | local line 51 | 52 | if [[ -z $match ]]; then 53 | _What_indent 2 54 | printf 'possible source: %s\n' '(not found)' 55 | return 56 | fi 57 | 58 | IFS=: read -r filename line_num line <<< "$match" 59 | 60 | _What_indent 2 61 | printf 'possible source: %s:%s\n' "$filename" "$line_num" 62 | 63 | if [[ $print_definition == true ]]; then 64 | # Print the definition *from the file*. 65 | _What_indent 3 66 | printf "definition: " 67 | sed 's/^ *//; s/ *$//' <<< "$line" # Strip surrounding whitespace 68 | fi 69 | } 70 | 71 | function _What_command { ( 72 | # Get info about a single command. 73 | # 74 | # Runs in a subshell to make it easier to avoid polluting the 75 | # surrounding scope. 76 | 77 | command="$1" 78 | exit=0 79 | # For printing hash in the right place 80 | hash_encountered=false 81 | 82 | _What_executable_bug "$command" || return 1 83 | 84 | # Check command's status. 85 | if type -ta -- "$command" &> /dev/null; then 86 | # Command is available 87 | true 88 | elif hash -t -- "$command" &>/dev/null; then 89 | # Command is not availble, but is hashed. 90 | true 91 | elif [[ $more_info_command_not_found == true ]]; then 92 | "$command_not_found_handler" "$command" 93 | return 1 94 | else 95 | # Command not found. 96 | printf >&2 '%s: %s: Not found: %s\n' "$basename" "$funcname" "$command" 97 | return 1 98 | fi 99 | 100 | printf '%s\n' "$command" 101 | 102 | # Iterate over multiple types/instances of the command. 103 | for type in $(type -at -- "$command"); do 104 | if [[ $type == file && $hash_encountered == false ]]; then 105 | _What_hashed "$command" 106 | hash_encountered=true 107 | fi 108 | 109 | _What_indent 1 110 | printf '%s\n' "$type" 111 | 112 | if [[ $print_type_only == true ]]; then 113 | continue 114 | fi 115 | 116 | # Print command info. 117 | case $type in 118 | alias) 119 | _What_alias "$command" || 120 | exit=1 121 | ;; 122 | builtin) 123 | ;; 124 | file) 125 | # Iterate over each file using bash math. 126 | _What_file "$command" "$((file_count++))" || 127 | exit=1 128 | ;; 129 | function) 130 | _What_function "$command" || 131 | exit=1 132 | ;; 133 | keyword) 134 | ;; 135 | *) 136 | # This should never happen. 137 | printf >&2 '%s: %s: %s: Invalid type: %s\n' \ 138 | "$basename" \ 139 | "$funcname" \ 140 | "$command" \ 141 | "$type" 142 | exit=1 143 | ;; 144 | esac 145 | done 146 | 147 | if [[ $hash_encountered == false ]]; then 148 | _What_hashed "$command" 149 | fi 150 | 151 | return $exit 152 | ) } 153 | 154 | function _What_executable_bug { 155 | # Give an error about the issue described in "_What_info". 156 | 157 | local command 158 | local path 159 | local problem 160 | local type 161 | 162 | command="$1" 163 | 164 | path="$(type -P -- "$command")" 165 | type="$(type -t -- "$command")" 166 | 167 | if [[ $type == "file" ]]; then 168 | if [[ -d $path ]]; then 169 | problem="Is a directory" 170 | elif [[ ! -f $path ]]; then 171 | problem="File does not exist" 172 | elif [[ ! -x $path ]]; then 173 | problem="File is not executable" 174 | fi 175 | 176 | if [[ $problem ]]; then 177 | printf >&2 '%s: %s: %s: %s: %s\n' \ 178 | "$basename" \ 179 | "$funcname" \ 180 | "$command" \ 181 | "$problem" \ 182 | "$path" 183 | exit=1 184 | return 1 185 | fi 186 | fi 187 | } 188 | 189 | function _What_file { ( 190 | # Get info about a command which is a file. 191 | 192 | command="$1" 193 | path_number="${2:-1}" # Default to 1 194 | 195 | # Get command paths 196 | readarray -t paths <<< "$(type -pa -- "$command")" 197 | 198 | _What_filepath "${paths[$path_number]}" 199 | ) } 200 | 201 | function _What_filepath { ( 202 | # Get info about an executable path. 203 | 204 | path="$1" 205 | 206 | _What_indent 2 207 | printf 'path: %s\n' "$path" 208 | 209 | # If the file is a symlink. 210 | if [[ -L $path ]]; then 211 | symlink-info "$path" | 212 | tail -n +2 | 213 | _What_indent_many 2 # symlink-info already adds 1 indentation 214 | fi 215 | 216 | # Show brief file info. 217 | _What_indent 2 218 | printf 'file type: ' 219 | file -bL -- "$path" | 220 | cut -d, -f1 221 | ) } 222 | 223 | function _What_function { ( 224 | # Get info about a function. 225 | 226 | function="$1" 227 | 228 | read -r _ attrs _ <<< "$(declare -pF -- "$function")" 229 | 230 | # Find the source by turning on extended debugging. 231 | # Looping not required because only one definition exists at a time. 232 | read -r _ line_num filename <<< "$( 233 | shopt -s extdebug 234 | declare -F -- "$function" 235 | )" 236 | 237 | # Print. 238 | _What_indent 2 239 | printf 'source: %s:%s\n' "$filename" "$line_num" 240 | 241 | # Print export status. 242 | _What_indent 2 243 | printf 'export: ' 244 | if [[ $attrs == *x* ]]; then 245 | echo yes 246 | else 247 | echo no 248 | fi 249 | 250 | if [[ $print_definition == true ]]; then 251 | # Print the function definition. 252 | _What_indent 2 253 | printf 'definition:\n' 254 | declare -f -- "$function" | 255 | _What_indent_many 3 256 | fi 257 | ) } 258 | 259 | function _What_hashed { 260 | local command 261 | local hashpath 262 | 263 | command="$1" 264 | 265 | if ! hashpath="$(hash -t -- "$command" 2>/dev/null)"; then 266 | return 267 | fi 268 | 269 | _What_indent 1 270 | printf 'hashed\n' 271 | 272 | if ! [[ -f $hashpath ]]; then 273 | printf >&2 '%s: %s: %s: Hashed file does not exist: %s\n' \ 274 | "$basename" \ 275 | "$funcname" \ 276 | "$command" \ 277 | "$hashpath" 278 | exit=1 279 | fi 280 | 281 | if [[ $print_type_only == true ]]; then 282 | return 283 | fi 284 | 285 | _What_indent 2 286 | printf 'path: %s\n' "$hashpath" 287 | } 288 | 289 | function _What_help { 290 | _What_usage 291 | echo 292 | cat <<'EOF' 293 | Give information about Bash command names, like a more thorough "type". 294 | 295 | Arguments: 296 | NAME Command name to give information about. 297 | If none are given, input is taken from stdin. 298 | 299 | Options: 300 | -d Print definitions for aliases and functions. 301 | -h Print this help message and exit. 302 | -i Print the info message and exit. 303 | -n Provide more info if a command is not found. 304 | Uses "/usr/lib/command-not-found" (available on Debian/Ubuntu) 305 | -t Print only types, similar to "type -at". 306 | -v Print the version and exit. 307 | 308 | Exit Status: 309 | 4 - Missing dependency ("symlink-info" or optionally the "-n" handler) 310 | 3 - Invalid options 311 | 1 - At least one NAME is not found, or any other error 312 | 0 - otherwise 313 | EOF 314 | } 315 | 316 | function _What_info { 317 | cat <<'EOF' 318 | Info provided per type (types ordered by precedence): 319 | alias 320 | - possible source file(s) and line number(s) 321 | - (with option "-d": definition in file) 322 | - (with option "-d": current definition) 323 | keyword 324 | function 325 | - source file and line number 326 | - marked for export (yes/no) 327 | - (with option "-d": definition) 328 | builtin 329 | hashed file (though not a type per se) 330 | - (if hashed file does not exist: warning) 331 | - path 332 | file(s) 333 | - path 334 | - (if symlink: details from "symlink-info") 335 | - file type 336 | 337 | Always iterates over multiple types/instances, e.g: 338 | - echo: builtin and file 339 | - zsh: two files on Debian 340 | 341 | For example: 342 | "what if type ls what zsh sh /" 343 | - Covers keyword, builtin, alias/file, function, multiple 344 | files/absolute symlinks, relative symlink (on Debian/Ubuntu), 345 | and non-command. 346 | 347 | Known issues: 348 | - Bash may have different output between "type COMMAND" and 349 | "type -a COMMAND" if COMMAND is a file but is not executable. 350 | That includes: 351 | - If the user doesn't have execute permissions to the file 352 | - If the file is a directory 353 | - If the file does not exist, as a hashed path 354 | Some of this behaviour depends on the version of Bash. 355 | 356 | Since "what" relies on the output of "type" to make sense of the 357 | environment, it will print an error or warning if affected. 358 | EOF 359 | } 360 | 361 | function _What_indent { 362 | # Indent by the given number of indent levels. 363 | 364 | local end="${1-1}" 365 | local i 366 | local indent_string="${2- }" 367 | 368 | for ((i=1; i<="$end"; i++)); do 369 | printf '%s' "$indent_string" 370 | done 371 | } 372 | 373 | function _What_indent_many { 374 | # Indent each line from stdin. 375 | # Wraps "_What_indent". 376 | 377 | local line 378 | 379 | while IFS= read -r line; do 380 | _What_indent "$@" 381 | printf '%s\n' "$line" 382 | done 383 | } 384 | 385 | function _What_usage { 386 | cat <<'EOF' 387 | Usage: what [-hiv] [-dnt] [name ...] 388 | EOF 389 | } 390 | 391 | function what { ( 392 | # For details, see _What_help and _What_usage, as well as _What_info. 393 | 394 | unset IFS # Just in case 395 | 396 | # Static 397 | version='0.3.2' 398 | 399 | # Defaults 400 | exit=0 401 | 402 | # Basename of caller, for error messages 403 | basename=$(basename -- "$0") 404 | # Name of the main function, for error messages. 405 | funcname="${FUNCNAME[0]}" 406 | 407 | command_not_found_handler=/usr/lib/command-not-found 408 | 409 | # Check dependencies 410 | # shellcheck disable=SC2043 # Loop only runs once for one dependency 411 | for dependency in symlink-info; do 412 | # Check if command exists 413 | if ! type -- "$dependency" &> /dev/null; then 414 | printf >&2 '%s: %s: Missing dependency: %s\n' \ 415 | "$basename" \ 416 | "$funcname" \ 417 | "$dependency" 418 | exit 4 419 | fi 420 | done 421 | 422 | OPTIND=1 423 | while getopts :dhintv OPT; do 424 | case $OPT in 425 | d) 426 | print_definition=true 427 | ;; 428 | h) 429 | _What_help 430 | exit 0 431 | ;; 432 | i) 433 | _What_info 434 | exit 0 435 | ;; 436 | n) 437 | if ! [[ -f $command_not_found_handler ]]; then 438 | printf >&2 '%s: %s: Missing required program for "%s": %s\n' \ 439 | "$basename" \ 440 | "$funcname" \ 441 | "-$OPT" \ 442 | "$command_not_found_handler" 443 | exit 4 444 | fi 445 | more_info_command_not_found=true 446 | ;; 447 | t) 448 | print_type_only=true 449 | ;; 450 | v) 451 | echo "what $version" 452 | exit 0 453 | ;; 454 | *) 455 | printf >&2 '%s: %s: Invalid option: %s\n' \ 456 | "$basename" \ 457 | "$funcname" \ 458 | "-$OPTARG" 459 | _What_usage >&2 460 | exit 3 461 | ;; 462 | esac 463 | done 464 | shift "$((OPTIND-1))" 465 | 466 | if [[ $# -eq 0 ]]; then 467 | # Read command names from stdin 468 | while read -r line; do 469 | [[ -z $line ]] && continue # Skip blank lines 470 | 471 | _What_command "$line" || 472 | exit=1 473 | done 474 | else 475 | for arg; do 476 | _What_command "$arg" || 477 | exit=1 478 | done 479 | fi 480 | 481 | return $exit 482 | ) } 483 | 484 | # End sourced section 485 | return 2>/dev/null 486 | 487 | # shellcheck disable=SC2317 # Not unreachable if run as script 488 | { 489 | printf >&2 \ 490 | '%s: Warning: This script is intended to be sourced from Bash, to provide the function "what".\n' \ 491 | "$(basename -- "$0")" 492 | what "$@" 493 | } 494 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------