├── README.md ├── SUMMARY.md ├── docs ├── application │ └── 应用层.md ├── datalink │ └── 数据链路层.md ├── network │ └── 网络层.md ├── networkstructure │ ├── OSI模型.md │ ├── TCP │ │ └── IP.md │ └── 计算机网络体系结构.md ├── presentation │ └── 表示层.md ├── pysical │ └── 物理层.md ├── session │ └── 会话层.md └── transport │ ├── TCP三次握手.md │ ├── TCP四次挥手.md │ ├── image │ ├── 1534211108012.png │ ├── 1534211124498.png │ └── 1534211134305.png │ └── 传输层.md ├── image ├── 1527431176210.png ├── 1527431189451.png ├── 1527431244957.png ├── 1531965446896.png ├── 1533716598332.png ├── 1533716640042.png ├── 1534208921396.png ├── 1534210813471.png ├── 1534210945308.png ├── 1534213479039.png ├── 1534213549648.png ├── 1534213772438.png └── 1534214193020.png ├── mindmap ├── network-01.mmap ├── network-02.mmap ├── network-03.mmap ├── network-04.mmap ├── 计算机网络.mm ├── 计算机网络.png ├── 计算机网络.xmind └── 计算机网络2.png └── reference └── 简析TCP的三次握手与四次分手.pdf /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 计算机网络 2 | 3 | ## 本仓库内容 4 | 5 | 1. docs/:笔记,计算机网络基本理论+网络相关面试题解析 6 | 2. mindmap/:思维导图 7 | 3. image/:README.md图片 8 | 4. reference/:参考文档 9 | 10 | ``` 11 | Something I hope you know before go into the coding~ 12 | First, please watch or star this repo, I'll be more happy if you follow me. 13 | Bug report, questions and discussion are welcome, you can post an issue or pull a request. 14 | ``` 15 | 16 | ## 相关站点 17 | 18 | * GitHub地址: 19 | 20 | * GitBook地址: 21 | 22 | ## 目录 23 | 24 | * [计算机网络](README.md) 25 | * [计算机网络体系结构](docs/networkstructure/计算机网络体系结构.md) 26 | * [OSI模型](docs/networkstructure/OSI模型.md) 27 | * [TCP/IP](docs/networkstructure/TCP/IP.md) 28 | * [物理层](docs/pysical/物理层.md) 29 | * [数据链路层](docs/datalink/数据链路层.md) 30 | * [网络层](docs/network/网络层.md) 31 | * [传输层](docs/transport/传输层.md) 32 | * [会话层](docs/session/会话层.md) 33 | * [表示层](docs/presentation/表示层.md) 34 | * [应用层](docs/application/应用层.md) 35 | * [物理层](docs/pysical/物理层.md) 36 | 37 | ## 网络本质论 38 | 39 | 计算机网络学习的核心内容就是网络协议的学习。网络协议是为计算机网络中进行数据交换而建立的规则、标准或者说是约定的集合。因为不同用户的数据终端可能采取的字符集是不同的，两者需要进行通信，必须要在一定的标准上进行。一个很形象地比喻就是我们的语言，我们大天朝地广人多，地方性语言也非常丰富，而且方言之间差距巨大。A地区的方言可能B地区的人根本无法接受，所以我们要为全国人名进行沟通建立一个语言标准，这就是我们的普通话的作用。同样，放眼全球，我们与外国友人沟通的标准语言是英语，所以我们才要苦逼的学习英语。 40 | 41 | 计算机网络协议同我们的语言一样，多种多样。而ARPA公司与1977年到1979年推出了一种名为ARPANET的网络协议受到了广泛的热捧，其中最主要的原因就是它推出了人尽皆知的TCP/IP标准网络协议。目前TCP/IP协议已经成为Internet中的“通用语言”，下图为不同计算机群之间利用TCP/IP进行通信的示意图。 42 | 43 | ![1527431176210.png](image/1527431176210.png) 44 | 45 | ## 网络层次划分 46 | 47 | 为了使不同计算机厂家生产的计算机能够相互通信，以便在更大的范围内建立计算机网络，国际标准化组织（ISO）在1978年提出了“开放系统互联参考模型”，即著名的OSI/RM模型（Open System Interconnection/Reference Model）。它将计算机网络体系结构的通信协议划分为七层，自下而上依次为：物理层（Physics Layer）、数据链路层（Data Link Layer）、网络层（Network Layer）、传输层（Transport Layer）、会话层（Session Layer）、表示层（Presentation Layer）、应用层（Application Layer）。其中第四层完成数据传送服务，上面三层面向用户。 48 | 49 | 除了标准的OSI七层模型以外，常见的网络层次划分还有TCP/IP四层协议以及TCP/IP五层协议，它们之间的对应关系如下图所示： 50 | 51 | ![1527431189451.png](image/1527431189451.png) 52 | 53 | 54 | ## 常见问题 55 | 56 | * tcp三次握手四次挥手过程解释 57 | * 为什么连接的时候是三次握手，关闭的时候却是四次握手？ 58 | * 为什么TIME_WAIT状态需要经过2MSL(最大报文段生存时间)才能返回到CLOSE状态？ 59 | 60 | 61 | ## OSI七层网络模型 62 | 63 | ![1527431244957.png](image/1527431244957.png) 64 | 65 | ## 思维导图 66 | 67 | ![1533716598332.png](image/1533716598332.png) 68 | 69 | ![1533716640042.png](image/1533716640042.png) 70 | 71 | ![1534210813471.png](image/1534210813471.png) 72 | 73 | ![1534210945308.png](image/1534210945308.png) 74 | 75 | ![1534213479039.png](image/1534213479039.png) 76 | 77 | ![1534213549648.png](image/1534213549648.png) 78 | 79 | ![1534213772438.png](image/1534213772438.png) 80 | 81 | ![1534214193020.png](image/1534214193020.png) 82 | 83 | 84 | ## 参考博客 85 | 86 | 咖啡's blog: 87 | linuxbird: 88 | sfzyk: 89 | 90 | ## 参考书籍 91 | 92 | ![1531965446896.png](image/1531965446896.png) 93 | 94 | ## 总结 95 | 96 | ``` 97 | 1. 概念的东西理解记忆 98 | 2. 基础永远值得花费90%的精力去学习加强。厚积而薄发~ 99 | ``` 100 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /SUMMARY.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Summary 2 | 3 | * [计算机网络](README.md) 4 | * [计算机网络体系结构](docs/networkstructure/计算机网络体系结构.md) 5 | * [OSI模型](docs/networkstructure/OSI模型.md) 6 | * [TCP/IP](docs/networkstructure/TCP/IP.md) 7 | * [物理层](docs/pysical/物理层.md) 8 | * [数据链路层](docs/datalink/数据链路层.md) 9 | * [网络层](docs/network/网络层.md) 10 | * [传输层](docs/transport/传输层.md) 11 | * [TCP三次握手](docs/transport/TCP三次握手.md) 12 | * [TCP四次挥手](docs/transport/TCP四次挥手.md) 13 | * [会话层](docs/session/会话层.md) 14 | * [表示层](docs/presentation/表示层.md) 15 | * [应用层](docs/application/应用层.md) 16 | * [物理层](docs/pysical/物理层.md) 17 | 18 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /docs/application/应用层.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 应用层 2 | 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /docs/datalink/数据链路层.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 数据链路层 2 | 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /docs/network/网络层.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 网络层 2 | 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /docs/networkstructure/OSI模型.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # OSI模型 2 | 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /docs/networkstructure/TCP/IP.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # TCP/IP 2 | 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /docs/networkstructure/计算机网络体系结构.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 计算机网络体系结构 2 | 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /docs/presentation/表示层.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 表示层 2 | 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /docs/pysical/物理层.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 物理层 2 | 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /docs/session/会话层.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 会话层 2 | 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /docs/transport/TCP三次握手.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # TCP三次握手 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ![1534211108012.png](image/1534211108012.png) 6 | 7 | ![1534211124498.png](image/1534211124498.png) 8 | 9 | ![1534211134305.png](image/1534211134305.png) 10 | 11 | ## 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